Isingeniso ku-Polyurethane Foam kanye nendima yama-Polyurethane Catalysts

I-polyurethane foam (PU foam) iyinto ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, ukupakisha, kanye nokufakwa kokushisa. Inqubo yokwakheka kwe-PU foam ihilela ukusabela kwama-polyols ane-isocyanates, futhi ama-catalysts alawula izinga lokusabela, ukuziphatha kwe-foam, kanye nesakhiwo se-foam.Ama-catalyst e-polyurethanenjenge-MXC-37 (DMAEE) idlala indima ebalulekile kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, ithuthukisa izakhiwo ze-foam futhi ikhulise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula izindawo zokusetshenziswa kwe-PU foam futhi sichaze indlela yokwakheka kwe-foam, sigxile endimeni ye-MXC-37.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Polyurethane Foam

I-polyurethane foam isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okuningi, njengokushisa okuhle kakhulu, ukumuncwa kwe-shock, kanye nezakhiwo ezilula. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-polyurethane foam, i-rigid foam kanye ne-flexible foam, zihlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zezimboni.

I-foam ye-polyurethane eqinile: I-foam ye-polyurethane eqinile isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokuvikela ukushisa. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela ukushisa, ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, amafriji, amafriji, amayunithi okugcina izinto ezibandayo, kanye nokuthuthwa kwezimpahla ezizwela ukushisa. Ama-foam aqinile ngokuvamile anamaseli avaliwe, okuwasiza ukuba agcine amandla awo, ukuqina, kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela ukushisa.

I-foam ye-polyurethane eguquguqukayo: I-foam ye-polyurethane eguquguqukayo isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komatrasi, ama-cushion, izihlalo zezimoto, kanye nokushisa kwamapayipi namathangi. Inikeza induduzo, ukwesekwa, kanye nokumunca umsindo okuhle kakhulu, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo embonini yefenisha nezimoto.

Amagwebu akhethekile: Ama-foam e-polyurethane angasetshenziswa nasezinhlelweni ezikhethekile, njengokukhiqizwa kwama-foam amancane, ama-elastomer, kanye nezinto zokupakisha ze-foam eqinile. Lawa ma-foam anezakhiwo ezihlukile ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile njengokuqina okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokunciphisa isisindo.

Indlela Yokwakheka Kwe-Polyurethane Foam

Inqubo yokwakheka kwefoam ye-polyurethane ihilela ukusabela phakathi kwama-polyol nama-isocyanates, okuqhutshwa yi-catalysts, ama-blowing agents, kanye neziqinisi. Lokhu kusabela kudala i-polymer matrix kanye nama-gas bubbles, okuholela esakhiweni esine-foam. Indlela esetshenziswayo ngemuva kwalokhu kwakheka ingahlukaniswa ngokwakhiwa kwefoam yamaseli avulekile kanye nefoam yamaseli avaliwe.

1. Ukwakheka Kwe-Foam Yeseli Evulekile

Ifoam evulekile yakha lapho amabhamuza akhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokugqwala ephuka ngenxa yokucindezela okuphezulu kwegesi ngaphakathi kwebhamuza. Lapho ingcindezi engaphakathi kwamabhamuza ikhula, izindonga zamabhamuza, ezakhiwe ukusabela kwejeli, zivame ukungabi namandla okumelana nokucindezela kwegesi yangaphakathi. Lokhu kuholela ekuqhekekeni nasekukhishweni kwegesi ebhamuza. Ngenxa yalokho, isakhiwo sefoam siba yiseli evulekile.

Ukwakheka kwe-foam yamaseli avulekile kuthonywa kakhulu yijubane le-gelation kanye namandla ezindonga ze-polymer. Iphesenti lamaseli avulekile ku-foam linomthelela omkhulu ezimpahleni zezinto. Isibonelo, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaseli avulekile kungandisa ukungena komswakama, kunciphise izakhiwo zokuvikela, futhi kuthinte ukuzinza kobukhulu be-foam. Kuma-foam amaningi aqinile, okuqukethwe kwamaseli avulekile kuphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-5% no-10%, kanti ama-90% kuya ku-95% asele aqukethe amaseli avaliwe.

2. Ukwakheka Kwe-Foam Yamaseli Avaliwe

Ama-foam avaliwe abonakala ngesakhiwo sawo samaseli aminyene futhi afanayo, lapho igesi ivaleleke khona ngaphakathi kwamaseli, okudala i-foam eqinile neqinile. Ijubane le-gel ezinhlelweni ze-foam ezivaliwe livame ukushesha, lisizwa yi-polyether polyols kanye ne-polyisocyanates ezisebenza ngemisebenzi eminingi, ezinesisindo esincane sama-molecule. Lezi zinhlelo ezisabela ngokushesha ziqinisekisa ukuthi igesi engaphakathi kwama-bubble ayinaso isikhathi sokuphuma ngaphambi kokuba i-foam iqine, okuholela esakhiweni se-foam esilawulwa amaseli avaliwe.

Ama-polyurethane foam aqinile anamaseli avaliwe anikeza ukuvikela okungcono futhi avame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana nokwakha, lapho izakhiwo zokuvikela ukushisa zibaluleke khona. Aphinde asetshenziswe ezindaweni zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ngenxa yekhono lawo eliphakeme lokugcina ukushisa nokumelana nokungena komswakama.

Indima kaI-MXC-37 (i-DMAEE)Ekukhiqizweni Kwe-Polyurethane Foam

I-MXC-37, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-DMAEE (i-Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol), iyisikhuthazi se-amine esingenawo ugesi, esingenaphunga eliphansi esisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwama-polyurethane foam. Umsebenzi wayo ophezulu wokwenza ama-foam ube yinto efaneleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni okunokuqukethwe kwamanzi amaningi, njenge-polyurethane foam (SPF) enezimbobo ezincane, ene-foam enamanzi.

I-MXC-37 isebenza njengesikhuthazi esisheshisa ukusabela kwe-isocyanate-polyol, ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwesakhiwo se-foam. Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-MXC-37 yikhono layo lokunciphisa noma lokuqeda iphunga elivamile le-amine elivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-polyurethane foam. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni lapho ukulawula iphunga kubalulekile khona, njengasekushiseni kwezindlu nasemabhizinisini.

Ngaphezu kwendima yayo njengesikhuthazi esiyinhloko, i-MXC-37 ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesikhuthazi esihlangene nezinye izikhuthazi ze-amine, njenge-BDMAEE, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusabela. Ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-amine anamandla, i-MXC-37 isiza ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi, okwenza kube inketho enobungani nemvelo yokukhiqizwa kwe-polyurethane foam.

I-MXC-37 isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ze-foam, okuhlanganisa:

• Amagwebu athambile asekelwe ku-Ester stabilizer: Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amagwebu athambile, aguquguqukayo.
• Amagwebu amancane: Ukuze kulawulwe ngokunembile isakhiwo se-foam.
• Ama-Elastomer kanye ne-RIM: Ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ze-foam eziguquguqukayo nezihlala isikhathi eside.
• Ukupakisha okuqinile kwe-foam: Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amandla aphezulu omshini kanye nokushisa.

Isiphetho

I-polyurethane foam iyinto eguquguqukayo futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi esetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi ngenxa yokushisa kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukudambisa ukudlidliza kanye nezakhiwo ezingenziwa ngokwezifiso. Ama-catalyst afana ne-MXC-37 adlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-polyurethane foam njengoba esiza ukulawula inqubo yokugqwala, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa iphunga elingathandeki kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi. Ukuqonda izindlela ezingemuva kokwakheka kwama-foam, kungaba amaseli avulekile noma amaseli avaliwe, kwenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukwenza imikhiqizo ngokwezifiso ngokwezidingo ezithile, kusukela ezintweni zokushisa kuya kuma-foam akhethekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.