Ukusetshenziswa kwe-polyurethane catalyst ezintweni ze-foam kanye nokuhlaziywa kwendlela yokwenza i-foam

Ukubuka konke kwezinto ze-polyurethane foam

Izinto ze-polyurethane foam ziwuhlobo lwe-polymer olunesakhiwo esinezimbobo. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi njengokwakha, ifenisha, izimoto, ukupakisha, njll. ngenxa yokushisa kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukufudumala komsindo, ukucasha kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Ukwakheka kwe-polyurethane foam kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yomzimba kanye neyamakhemikhali, lapho ama-catalyst edlala indima ebalulekile yokulawula.

Indlela yokwakheka kwe-polyurethane foam

Ukwakheka kwe-polyurethane foam kuhilela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okubili okuyinhloko: ukusabela kwe-foam kanye nokusabela kwe-gel.
Ukusabela kwegwebu kubhekisela enkambisweni lapho i-isocyanate (-NCO) isabela khona namanzi ukuze ikhiqize i-carbon dioxide (CO₂):
R-NCO + H₂O → R-NH₂ + CO₂↑
Igesi ye-CO₂ ekhiqizwa yilokhu kusabela yandisa ingxube ukuze yakhe isakhiwo se-foam.
Ukusabela kwejeli kubhekisela enkambisweni lapho i-isocyanate isabela khona ne-polyol hydroxyl (-OH) ukuze yakhe uchungechunge lwe-polyurethane:
R-NCO + R'-OH → R-NH-CO-O-R'
Lokhu kusabela kunquma amandla okugcina kanye nezakhiwo zomshini ze-foam.

Indlela yokwakheka kwamaseli avulekile navaliwe ku-foam

1. Indlela yokwakheka kwe-foam yamaseli avulekile

Ukwakheka kwe-foam yamaseli avulekile kubangelwa kakhulu ukuthi lapho kukhiqizwa ingcindezi ephezulu ku-bubble, udonga lweseli olwakhiwe yi-gel reaction alunamandla ngokwanele ukumelana nokwelulwa kwe-membrane yodonga okubangelwa ukwanda kwengcindezi yegesi, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-membrane yodonga lwe-bubble kanye nokuphuma kwegesi ekuqhekekeni. Lesi sici sesakhiwo sinikeza i-foam yamaseli avulekile izici ezilandelayo:
- Ukungena komoya okuhle
- Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokumuncwa komsindo
- Amandla aphansi kakhulu omshini
- Ukushisa okuphezulu
Izinga lamaseli avulekile (noma izinga lamaseli avaliwe) liyinkomba ebalulekile yokulinganisa ukusebenza kwefoam, okuthinta ngqo amapharamitha okusebenza abalulekile njengokuqhuba ukushisa, ukuvuleka komswakama kanye nokuzinza kobukhulu befoam.

2. Indlela yokwakheka kwe-foam yamaseli avaliwe

Ukwakheka kwe-foam yamaseli avaliwe kudinga isivinini esisheshayo se-gelation, esivame ukufezwa ngokusebenzisa ama-polyether polyols anemisebenzi eminingi, anesisindo esincane sama-molecule ukuze asabela nama-polyisocyanates. Kulesi simiso:
- Isivinini sokusabela kwejeli sishesha ngokwanele
- Amandla odonga lweseli anda ngokushesha
- Igesi ayikwazi ukuphula udonga lweseli
- Kwakhiwa isakhiwo segwebu esilawulwa amaseli avaliwe
I-polyurethane foam eqinile enamaseli avaliwe isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zokwakha izinto zokuvikela ukushisa kanye nezindawo zokugcina ukushisa ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokuvikela ukushisa. Izinga layo elijwayelekile lamaseli avaliwe lingafinyelela ku-90%-95%.

Ukusetshenziswa kweI-MXC-37 (i-DMAEE)i-catalyst ku-foam ye-polyurethane

I-MXC-37 (DMAEE) iyi-catalyst ye-amine engenawo ugesi, engenaphunga eliphansi enezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele ekukhiqizweni kwe-polyurethane foam:

1. Izici zomkhiqizo

- Umsebenzi ophezulu wokukhipha amagwebu: ofaneleka kakhulu ekwakhiweni okunokuqukethwe kwamanzi amaningi
- Iphunga eliphansi: linciphisa kakhulu iphunga elivamile le-amine ku-foam
- Ukuguquguquka kokusetshenziswa: kungasetshenziswa njenge-catalyst eyinhloko yodwa noma njenge-co-catalyst ngokuhlanganiswa ne-BDMAEE, njll.

2. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa

- Ifoam ye-polyurethane efuthwayo enezimbobo ezincane (SPF) ene-foam enamanzi
- Igwebu elithambile elisekelwe ku-Ester eliqinisayo
- Igwebu le-microcellular
- Ama-Elastomer
- Ukubumba umjovo wokusabela (RIM) kanye nokubumba umjovo wokusabela oqinisiwe (RRIM)
- Izicelo zokupakisha ze-foam eziqinile

3. Izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe

I-MXC-37 (DMAEE) ingenza lokhu:
- Lungiselela isakhiwo sembobo ye-foam
- Thuthukisa ukuzinza kobukhulu be-foam
- Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo
- Ukunciphisa Ukukhishwa Kwezinto Ezingaguquki Ze-Organic Compound (VOC)

Ukukhethwa Nokuthuthukiswa Kwe-I-Catalyst ye-Polyurethane

Ekukhiqizweni kwangempela, ukukhethwa kwama-catalyst kudinga ukucabangela izici ezilandelayo:
1. Ukusabela: Khetha i-catalyst enomsebenzi ofanele ngokwezidingo zenqubo
2. Izidingo zephunga: Kufanele kukhethwe ama-catalyst anephunga eliphansi ukuze asetshenziswe ezwela iphunga
3. Ukusebenza kwemvelo: Hlangana nemithethonqubo yemvelo eqinile kakhulu
4. Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko: Lungiselela izindleko ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle
I-MXC-37 (DMAEE) isibe yimbangela yokukhethwa kwemikhiqizo eminingi ye-polyurethane foam esezingeni eliphezulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni okunezidingo eziqinile zokuvikela iphunga kanye nemvelo.

Isiphetho

Ama-catalyst e-polyurethane adlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseleleni izinto ze-foam. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-catalyst zingalawula isakhiwo se-pore, izakhiwo zomzimba kanye nezici zokucubungula ze-foam. Njenge-catalyst esebenza kahle futhi enobungani nemvelo, i-MXC-37 (DMAEE) inikeza ikhambi elifanele lokukhiqizwa kwe-foam ye-polyurethane, ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni ye-foam edinga iphunga eliphansi kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe, lolu hlobo lwe-catalyst esebenza kahle luzodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu embonini ye-polyurethane.